acceptable moisture levels in floor joists

I have 1 1/2 thick cherry boards that I had milled from a tree in my yard last fall. I was thinking 10% MC would be ok but after reading your article Im not sure. Thanks. The more specific way to know would be to measure the relative humidity and temperature in your homes air and then plug the numbers into a calculator like this https://www.spikevm.com/calculators/logging/equilibrium.php This will tell you what the MC% should be based on your specific environment. Obviously, the ambient conditions within which the wood or paper is present can alter the MC% of the wood or paper. This means the weight of the water exceeds the weight of the wood by itself. The humidity in the room is currently 40! Floor joists come in dimensional lumber lengths from 8 to 16 feet or more. This is the standard in the construction industry. Again, the correct moisture content will depend on the surrounding conditions. within two percentage points of the EMC where the wood is going to be used. Be notified when an answer is posted. We have a free App called WoodH2O that will tell you the moisture content given certain temperature and humidity conditions. Unless something is so out of whack shimming in back of the sheetrock won't suffice it's OK here. Wood moisture content is always varying. As the airs RH increases, so does the moisture content of any wood exposed to the air. Once the summer cooling season ends, and the A/C is shut off, and the outside air cools, and the humidity drops significantly, the cool dry air now flowing beneath the home dries out the floor joists. However, many building materials may have been dried down to about 15% moisture content. The lumber was recently milled, although the tree had been cut months, years ago. Can carpet be reinstalled? With a Wagner L606, I am getting MC readings 12%->15.5% . As with the hardwood flooring, it is essential to check the OSB's moisture content using a moisture meter. I dialed the 800 number for Wagner meters and all I got was two sales pitches for a Life alert type device. It causes decay of the wood structure. My question is microwaving twice turned bowls what would be the general rule of thumb for a target by weight. Failure to allow the wood to acclimate or come into balance with the RH at its end-use location could result in any number of moisture-related problems after the wood product is constructed. 800-347-7260 Fax. It is not uncommon for wood to expand or contract as much as a 1/8 per foot of width, so maintaining a stable environment is important. Standard construction studs such as 24 and 26s are typically dried to 19% moisture content before they are installed. Good luck. Your email address will not be published. Waterproof membrane . Brilliant article. Floors-1/2" in 12' or 3/16" in 4'. This is a perfectly normal moisture content and one that will not support fungal growth. Add 1 to this value and round up the answer to the next whole number: 7.40625 + 1 = 8.40625 9 floor joists. Perhaps better drainage around your house will do the trick or treat. You will also see that the healthy wood moisture levels of 10% - 16% occur when the relative humidity is between 55% and 80% at 70 degrees. i cored out a small section of the bottom beam (3 inches wide) all the way down to the foundation. The wood looks awful, and the staining the did is even worse. During my visit, I crawled to the four main corners of the crawl space and probed the floor system with an electronic moisture meter during this traverse. What is the optimal MC of the fir stock for construction of the windows? Crawl Space Inspections: Once a Year Keeps the Contractors Away! 3.Vacuum and/or Wipe Excess Moisture. I strongly recommend using a moisture meter, along with a thermo-hygrometer, or even a smart logger before you start building, to ensure the wood is at an optimal moisture content in an environment that has an acceptable relative humidity and temperature range. Kiln-dried wood usually shows a moisture reading of 10% on the outside and then 25% on the inside. Thanks for the question. Use a wet/dry shop vacuum, sump pump, or rags to clean up standing water or excess moisture from the floor and from the surface of the wood. "R. Sorry that this is so long-winded and I thank you in advance if you are willing to address this question for me. But when you touch the pins to the embedded screws, you get between 14 and 24 % in various areas of the board. Once the wood samples weight stops changing, its weight is compared to what it was before the drying process began. These home inspectors are insecure and inexperienced. The wood will still react in humid or dry conditions. Specifically in the first 3-4 on one side of the door is 11%, then drops to ~8%. The acceptable moisture levels of wood and lumber are in the range of 6% to 8% for interior and 9% to 14% for exterior wood or for building envelope components within constructed assemblies. Cut in the spring and stacked and dried them over the summer. As a general rule, with geographic exceptions, wood flooring performs best when the interior environment is controlled to stay within an RH range of 30% to 50% and a temperature range of 60 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit. Fresh cut trees can have a wood moisture content over 200%, while completely dried wood will have a wood moisture content of 0%. Drying teak hardwood from a humid climate, for use outdoors in a much drier European climate? Treatment levels for timber and timber-based materials used under tiles in wet areas where the waterproofing membrane cannot easily be inspected or maintained should be: H1.2 for timber floor joists and wall framing around showers; H3 (CCA treated) for plywood. I dont know what type of floor you have, but if it gets wet enough, about 25% moisture content or higher, mold can grow. Based on common guidelines or recommendations, the acceptable moisture levels for wood are as follows: Keep in mind that a woods acceptable moisture level will depend primarily on how it will be finally used and the average RH where it will be finally used. Wood is hygroscopic. As with any wood product, the environment where the finished product will Live will determine the correct moisture content. If the wood would really arrive with a MC of 14%, we would not have any problems. The joist span tables start with 26 lumber and it goes all the way up to 212. Second, would the same pine slab, would it be okay to use for a side table or Kitchen island. Mold and fungus in the crawl space can definitely become a problem, but dont be fooled into thinking that a Borate spray HAS to be applied in EVERY situation. I have a black walnut slabbed up that has been air drying outside for 2 yrs. I live in Atascadero CA and had a coastal red oak tree cut down this past summer. Because of the different materials involved, they will react differently to high heat, thus giving you an un-even plywood surface. Will your meters work to find MC levels for composites? Hi Larry, We are a joinery company and we have a project here in UAE which is located in another part of the emirates and the humidity in that area is very high especially during summer because it is near the coastal area. I used my Wagner meter and it Measured in the 10% area. . of water/day/1000 sq. 15% is too high, at least for hardwoods. I-joists are comprised of top and bottom flanges, which resist bending, united with webs, which provide outstanding shear resistance. 17 and the flooring is at 6 to 7. Any moisture content measured higher than that might result in movement, such as warping and twisting, once it dries. Your help for resolving this issue would be highly appreciated . board will move 3 times the amount as a 4-in. 1. endstream endobj 80 0 obj <>stream Hello Brian, I am a moisture meter expert, not a woodworking expert but from your description, the problem points to the conditions, not the wood or joinery. Here current humidity is 76%. Joist spans may not be on the minds of most do-it-yourselfers, but joist spans are everywhere: above our heads in the ceiling joists and below our feet as flooring joists. The fastest way to test the moisture content of wood is to use a moisture meter. 2. You mentioned the humidity outside is 55%. Condensation on the inside of a windowpane. Such readings should alert the homeowner to look for a source of excess moisture. Am i looking at mold if i dont rip the floor out? The plumber said that the floor has an elevated moisture reading and took a photo showing the 99.9% (maximum reading) on the meter while the meter was on the floor. It's a direct proportion: an 8-in. this is an interesting read I landed upon as I was searching for MC in wood items. So, is it really this wet or is our meter over-reading? Do you agree with this? However, and unless otherwise permitted by a flooring product manufacturer, the following maximum moisture emission levels over a 24 hour period are permissible for the following floor coverings types: Toilet overflowed and moisture meter is reading 30% in worst area. If youre wondering how wood can have a 200% moisture content, heres how that works. Your email address will not be published. Some of the unfinished wood you see on the market has been kiln-dried to reduce its water moisture content to around 8% so that it wont suffer from moisture-related defects like warping and buckling. Im still not sure that whatever they do will produce a good, long-term result, but I need to know what they should be doing to the wood. Dryer wood produces more resistance than wetter wood. Good luck. While playing around with my pinless meter and checking the interior East and west walls on hot days, I notice the moisture content being very high 60% mc to off scale. In their warehouse, and perhaps partly also in the container. I so appreciate your treatise on this issue. A moisture meter will help verify. The problem is some of the water made its way under the basmenet bathroom floor which is dricor with electric heating wire on top, then tiles, and unfortunately it looks like some of the dricor wood got wet as well! So the question is are those burrs or fuzzing on the edges?, Wed love to have you give us a call to discuss which moisture meter is best for you. The maximum subfloor moisture level for solid strip flooring or wide-width solid flooring is either 12% or 13%, depending on the manufacturer. Utilize the chart on following page to record the environmental readings at the time of installation. When you do this, you not only ensure that the entire batch is okay on average, but youre also far likelier to catch boards that are statistical outliers and could cause problems. The wood joists are not soaked wet, its just a light film of moisture on the wood members. Notice that the EMC of the in-use location is the same as the MC: So, using this chart, we know that in an area of the country where the RH inside a home or office is anywhere from 26-32%, both the EMC of the in-use location and the wood moisture content kept in that location will be 6%. What is a Proper Structural Engineering Inspection? Why and how can I say this? The conversion puts the adjusted MC between 9.5 -> 12%. Have I been wrong? The three main sources of moisture: Condensation, Foundation wall transfer, and leaks. There will most likely be some shrinkage, so if possible, choose the clearest boards possible to lessen the possibility of any major cracking. Hello Larry I am from Bangladesh. Hello, I am renovating my kitchen and installing hardwood floors. Although some movement can be expected between 6% and 9%, wood flooring can shrink or swell more dramatically outside this range. Wood moisture content between 0% and about 28% is dependent upon the relative humidity (RH) of the air. I have one question with regards to pinless moisture meters and wallboard/Sheetrock. For severely rotten joists though, you're going to want to remove the rotten section. This type of floor-leveling is DIY-friendly and costs approximately $1.50 per square foot when applied 1/8-inch thick. Do you think its to early to start working with it.If so how many yrs will it take to get to proper mc so i can work with it. A moisture content that is too high will also slow the cure of the SLu and can affect the subsequent floor finish. There is only so much moisture a piece of wood can give up, over time, before a failure occurs. I have seen home built in the dead of winter, covered in snow, and still dry out enough for a successful home build. Timber framing needs to be dried to acceptable moisture content levels as stipulated in NZS 3602:2003 Timber and wood-based products for use in building. They are now saying that they will replace whatever boards are bad and resand and finish the floors, however Im concerned that there is an underlying issue that will resurface here? hL The home inspectors working for fees today seem to have one primary motive in mind: to cover their liabilities. The cedar I have is now at 12-16%. On truss/joist spacing of 16" (406mm) o/c or less, the industry standard for single- panel subflooring is nominal 5/8" (19/32", 15.1 mm) CD Exposure 1 Plywood subfloor panels ( CD Exposure 1) or 23/32" OSB Exposure 1 subfloor panels, 4' x 8' sheets. Higher values could mean a wet or saturated material. Here is a good source for mold and wood: https://www.google.com/search?source=hp&ei=j6WRW76_NdmT0PEPkN29kAc&q=wood+moisture+content+and+mold&oq=moisture+content+and+mold&gs_l=psy-ab.1.0.0i22i30l3.8963.15970..206760.0..0.100.1475.25j10.1..gws-wiz..0..0j0i131.PkfEQYRef9I. Structural flooring for laying direct to joists or battens is a minimum of 19mm thick. Is this accurate? Furniture maker Lonnie Bird weighs in, I dont want the wood to shrink after I use it because the wood will warp or split.. These include warping, cracking, buckling, diminished wood strength, corrosion of fasteners, and even fungal growth. Please help with T%, I have seen where 30% moisture loss by weight is a good rule of thumb to shoot for. Standard moisture contents for hardwoods are 6% 9% MC. Substructures with WMC in this range may show decay or rot in floor joist, sills, and subflooring. Additional care is necessary if laying parallel to the joists and sheet subfloors can sag between the joist. hj0Ed=h].J-)_q},jR3$\ eH"wCk)E)J8 My question for you is: after a smallish unheated underground space (similar to a basement, i.e. Wood shrinks or swells as its moisture content changes, but only when water is taken up or given off from the cell walls. : Mold & Fungus In the Crawlspace. Grain orientation matters board, and a 12-in. The joists can be longer or shorter as required by space and size, and are typically spaced at either 450mm or 600mm apart. The ideal moisture content for hardwoods is between 6% and about 9%, depending on the ambient conditions around the wood. The wood and varnish appear otherwise pristine, uncracked and not bubbled or clouded in any way. There are two main ways of measuring wood moisture content: oven-dry testing and moisture meter testing. It constantly absorbs and releases vapour into the . It gains or loses water moisture as the relative humidity (RH) of the surrounding air changes. I may have missed this already but I have a few quick questions. Ev WME? Bird, who runs the School of Fine Woodworking outside Knoxville, Tennessee, says he knows wood shrinks seasonally but wants to minimize the shrinkage and expansion by drying the wood to a moisture content of about 8%. Wagner has a free app called WoodH2O to help you determine the proper moisture levels based on consistent humidity and temperature. The NWFA recommends testing wood subfloor moisture in at least 20 locations per 1,000 sq. I understand that a home inspector expressed concern about fungal growth on the floor framing, so the buyer is concerned that the fungus needs to be removed/cleaned/mitigated from the joists. Stopping the moisture is much cheaper and easier than repairing the structure. I live in coastal South Carolina .we are definitely afraid of mold formation. Is this dry enough that Id be able to reinstall the trim over the particleboard? We just bought a home where we discovered the plumbing was leaking over a number years with a kitchen flood occurring in the last 3-5 years due to a busted water line. Avoid unnecessary moisture exposure of all wood components by enclosing the frame against adverse weather as soon as feasible. When wood is subjected to an environment that is higher in humidity, it will swell or expand. That is way beyond fibre-saturation. If you know such International or Amercan or any other standard please let me know. I dont know what to believe except the company who installed the vapor and dehumidifier said the vapor barrier needs to be changed out because of all the sewage and drainage stains after the plumbing is fixed. He, of course, said that type of product is insufficient. Simply put, the post offers some useful information. As far as the oil finish, the manufacturer of the oil will specify the correct moisture content for an application. The next question is almost the same as before, if we have various kinds of wood, such as March wood, mango wood, pine. The electrical current will then move from pin to pin and measure the resistance encountered. Softwoods, such as spruce, can have more moisture. I would think at least fixing your dehumidifier is a must. If decay or WMC readings over 28% are present, find and fix the sources of liquid water quickly. You can hardly see the humps except the first pier that popped up . A wood moisture content of 47% is too high. However, the ideal humidity range in some climates may be higher or lower. Building Performance Series No. Your ideal MC will also depend on the outdoor humidity levels. Next, check the moisture of new floorboards. This means your crawl space humidity goes up by about 22 degrees. Back to top. Reaching these moisture content levels does not mean mold growth or corrosion . We are shipping some acacia chopping board to colorado ( US) with moisture ranges from 10-14% while shipping from India but once product received all get cracked . The difference is the moisture meters measurement error. The excess moisture source must be immediately corrected, and the situation carefully monitored until the WMC returns to the 12-16 range. In your blog I read that furniture for outdoor is dried to a MC between 9 and 14%. However, this time I was planning to use oil based poly rather than the spar urethane to reduce the amount of yellowing. Wood in buildings usually has a wood moisture content of 5% to 15%. For solid strip flooring (less than 3 wide) there should be no more than a 4% difference in moisture content between properly acclimated wood flooring and subflooring materials. 18 years ago the moist content (MC) of the beams and joist was 24% in an area of the crawl space that floods in spring. Different wood? 10 14% moisture content is too high. The optimal humidity in a home is generally 35%-55% and anything under 20% is actually considered unhealthy, as it dries out the skin. Effects of Moisture on I-Joists and LVL April 2007 P.O. Using a moisture meter before painting can help you determine the moisture content of the wood. During the summer months, when outdoor humidity is high, the hot/humid air enters the crawl space through the foundation vents and condenses on cool objects. A dehumidifier in the crawlspace will help but can be expensive. Thanks Phil. Kiln-dried timber should be kept dry. New roof first week of November. From a strictly static MC%, 16-20% MC for long duration is going to promote mold growth. Ideally, you want to check the EMC in the area you will be working on your slab, along with the area it will live in. The rim joist and floor joist sit right on the block. Mold and fungus in the crawl space can definitely become a problem, but dont be fooled into thinking that a Borate spray HAS to be applied in EVERY situation. They said if i wanted to spend the money, a humidifier would help keep the humidity inside the house more consistent throughout the year. for a mere $4900. One note is that we did have some fungus growth in our crawlspace during the construction phase prior to the crawlspace being sealed and had the contractor come and spray and clean the floor joists and subflooring where applicable. I want to use it to build a table and will be moving it to the location where I will work on it shortly. Yes, our moisture meters read MDF. He added that plastic sheet ground covering that his company laid over my crawl space had been moved in spots and that I no longer had full coverage. Brick Veneer Homes: Are They Really Worth the Headache? Hi Larry, just finished a black Walnut dining room table back in November. I am not aware of a standard moisture content for packaging food or any other product. And it really helps to pay an HVAC contractor to better seal and insulate the A/C ducts so they dont leak cold air!!! Since the cold weather has come on, the organic growth has gone dormant, but a contractor noticed joists with distinctive moisture content where there are definitive separations between dry and wet looking wood. Water was coming out of this outlet and onto the floor? What are Acceptable Moisture Levels in Wood? To achieve this, Acceptable Solution E2/AS1 says that, on near-level sites, the floor level must be no less than 150 mm above the crown of the road or the lowest point of the boundary. Softwoods typically have higher moisture content than hardwoods. Water Level Survey: Are You Smarter Than an Egyptian? One type of wood moisture meter. The water wasnt properly dried and organic growth was discovered by previous owner. Set the meter to the species that makes up the bulk, in this case, the plywood. I am not familiar with the particular moisture meter the plumber was using, but assuming it is correct, that moisture content is way too high to install new flooring. water leaked over the edge. Were looking to replace the floor in an old (unheated) hay barn with treated tongue & Groove 26 flooring and need to know if the advertised 19% MC will be ok and not shrink too much. guide-standards-tolerances.pdf. This chart highlights the ideal levels of moisture in wood at various temperatures and relative humidity (RH) levels: In this chart, you can see a small highlighted section. There are water stains on the particle board floor, but the flooring felt completely dry a few minutes after the reading was taken (I didnt see the reading being taken), the floor looks dry in the plumbers photo, the particle board flooring is not noticeably swollen, and it certainly has no flaking or other signs of disintegration or lessening to its structural integrity. Please commenr? These tools will give you the confidence that you have done everything on your part to ensure the highest quality in the piece you have built. Phil, what are you making with the cedar, and in what type of environment will it be? Moisture contents of 12 to 17% is ok. You dont want to see any subfloor reach about 25% which is where mold will start to grow. Great info! I also applied Boracare (boron) that has stopped minor beetle damage. (Itd effectively seal the cavity under the vanity, so once the trim is back on, i dont think itll dry out much more.) Prior to the re-shim, the pier in the area that floods in the spring could be felt pushing up the floor, meaning the beam is warping and been monitoring it. Step 1: Check the Floor. Decay fungi need liquid water to grow. You wrote that 15% humidity may induce mold? BD-2100 Pin Meter. The Building Code states that houses must be built so that a 50-year flood will not enter the building. I have about 3,000 sqft on my first floor and this was relatively consistent throughout. I was able to get the MC down to 15%. 2013-10-14 03:14:29. Like all wood materials, I-joists are susceptible to moisture. Thanks for the question. You should be able to tell where the water reached the subfloor because it will be discolored and may also be swelled up. These are typical readings for exterior wood. Hi, in MN where extreme temperatures are very hard on homes. The excess moisture source should be corrected if found. If low WMC readings were obtained during the winter, and other signs of high moisture levels are present, obtain additional readings during the summer. 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